Showing posts with label civil war. Show all posts
Showing posts with label civil war. Show all posts

Cannoneers in Gray: The Field Artillery of the Army of Tennessee (Alabama Fire Ant) Review

Cannoneers in Gray: The Field Artillery of the Army of Tennessee
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(This review pertains to the 2nd edition and probably includes some enhancements over the first.)This was Larry Daniel's first work and it filled a large gap by explaining and reviewing the history of the artillery in the western theater.Daniel has also authored "Confederate Cannon Foundries" and his in-depth knowledge in the unusual types of western CSA ordnance is important in explaining the Army of Tennessee's artillery.

The history of the artillery of the Army of Tennessee is one of painful disappointment offset with a few successes.As the author explains, much of the blame for the artillery's plight came from deficiencies in army command and organization.This was exacerbated by neglect of its priority by those in Richmond, shortages of material, horses, and fodder.Another factor is that the more rugged terrain and less developed road network made it difficult to employ artillery as effectively in the west.Finally, unlike Henry Hunt of the Union Army of the Potomac, there is no central figure on which to focus in understanding the AoT's artillery.

The Army of Tennessee suffered one of the great early disasters of the war at Fort Donelson under Floyd and Pillow.It would suffer many further indignities under Bragg.Bragg did more than anyone else to shape the AoT's artillery arm, but not for the better.Cronyism plagued Bragg's approach to his army and to its long arm, loyalty over competence.Bragg saw his artillery in the light of the past war instead of the present.He stuck to the obsolete distribution of batteries to brigades, and allowed his artillery to operate incoherently and in piecemeal fashion.When officers showed initiative he swatted them down over protocol.

The AoT artillery never gained its footing for long before disaster struck once again.Joe Johnston's tenure was perhaps the only time the western cannoneers were properly organized and prepared.Unfortunately, Joe was hesitant to commit his army to battle, and control passed to Hood. The army declined rapidly under Hood's aggressive command, and the long arm suffered so severely that it was almost entirely unable to join Johnston again in the Carolinas.None of the AoT's batteries was present for the surrender of Johnston's army in Durham.

Some reviewers I respect have complained that Daniel's first edition is too brief compared to those about the AoP, and ANV's artillery, or not useful for wargamers.I can't comment on the first edition, but for the 2nd I disagree for several reasons:1.The other organizations were two to four times as large on average--and therefore require a much higher page count for the same breadth and depth.2.Daniel's recounting of artillery engagements is more factual and concise rather than stylized narrative or divergence into other theaters.3.Daniel's work contains frequent detailed tables of organization and armament by battery, as well as ammunition counts, and several battle maps.4.Primary accounts of the western CSA long arm is sparse and less celebrated than that of eastern artillery organizations.5.Another lesser factor is that page count doesn't correspond to word count, the other texts contain 20-25% less text per page.

Sure an even more detailed account would be appreciated, but the approach Daniel has taken fits his subject.There are some irritating mistakes, such as the consistent misspelling of Resaca--roughly a dozen times.

I believe this 2nd edition will largely fit the needs of those wanting to understand the western artillery arm, and will also prove a valuable resource for the war gamer.

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Product Description:
This enlarged edition of Cannoneers in Gray provides new detail concerning the activities of various military units operating in key campaigns of the western theater of the Civil War - at Stones River, Missionary Ridge, Kennesaw Mountain, Shiloh, Peachtree Creek. Larry Daniel traces the four-year history of the artillery branch of the Army of Tennessee from its organization through its scattered demise at the war's end. He provides evidence to show that Civil War canons were of little consequence when used as offensive weapons but could be highly effective as weapons of defense. Daniel includes five new detailed maps of campaigns and battles that are central to his discussion of larger issues, such as command and strategy on the western front. He has consulted and incorporated many new primary sources that more fully document his original work, first published in 1984.

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Blockaders, Refugees, and Contrabands: Civil War on Florida'S Gulf Coast, 1861-1865 (Alabama Fire Ant) Review

Blockaders, Refugees, and Contrabands: Civil War on Florida'S Gulf Coast, 1861-1865
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A rarity among Civil War literature, this study is told from the perspective of Unionist partisans/soldiers and blockaders along the Florida Gulf Coast.The ACW book market is saturated with volumes analyzing or celebrating Southern raiders, partisans, and guerrillas primarily in the Trans-Mississippi, but this is one of the few analyzing partisan activity in Confederate held territory and from the Unionist's perspective no less.

Author George Buker reveals a true civil war being conducted at the local level on Florida's Gulf Coast.The seeds were planted during the secession crisis with bullying and attacks on Unionists by "regulators."As the blockade began there were the loss of trade in the coastal regions and the efforts of the state government to remove population inland.Then came impressments and tax-in-kind, and finally aggressive conscription and removal of exemptions for saltmakers and cattle herders.These events led to widespread disaffection with the Confederate authorities and even open resistance.

This work transitions from the wartime events and civilian interaction with the East Gulf Blockading Squadron that led to the formation of the 2nd Florida Cavalry (U.S.).It then follows the actions of this Union regiment in Florida.The final chapter contrasts the successful Unionist/navy interactions on the Florida Gulf Coast with the relative lack of success on Florida's Atlantic Coast.

Coastal Florida had a refugee crisis as the war progressed.Escaped slaves ("contrabands") sought out the blockaders.Some joined the U.S. Navy.White men and their families sought to avoid conscription or vengeful neighbors/regulators and eventually sought refuge with the blockaders.

By mid-war armed bands of disaffected men were actively resisting conscription efforts in the region.They received support and cover from the blockading squadron.In addition they cooperated with blockaders in expeditions to capture small sailing vessels and destroy saltworks.Interestingly (and probably best for all involved), they delivered their prisoners to the blockaders.Buker examines the rolls of several of the "deserter bands" and finds that only 30% were actually deserters, ~10% were men who had been discharged or resigned.Others were refugees or Unionists.

Finally, an effort was made to enroll these men and others into the U.S. Army.793 eventually joined the 2nd Florida Cavalry (U.S.).They provided protection on the mainland for refugee communities and participated in raids into the interior.They had the important task of interdicting cattle headed north to supply the CSA armies.

The author explains Florida's key support functions for the Confederacy as a source of salt, beef, and small-scale blockade running.The blockade running in Florida was mostly limited to small sailing vessels working from many rivers, not the steam blockade runners of the major CSA ports).In explaining these and presenting some statistics Buker fills an information gap in Wise's "Lifeline of the Confederacy."

This book contains the necessary elements of a good study.It relies on many first hand accounts, correspondence, and ships logs.It has several well-presented maps with good detail.Muster rolls of some of the partisan bands are provided.The book has good endnotes, bibliography and index.However, it does not contain photographs and sketches.

For some reason, no mention is made of the 1st Florida Cavalry (U.S.) organizing in Pensacola.This unit participated in the Marianna raid (see Dale Cox's "The Battle of Marianna, Florida."

The one serious concern I have is that the author seems overly sympathetic to the Unionist/anti-Confederate elements.Some of the stories seem to be rather one-sided and there is perhaps inadequate consideration of the other perspective.However, the tone is not strident, good vs. evil, or hero/villain in nature.

I highly recommend this work.It is a real eye-opener written from a Unionist perspective.

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Product Description:
Here, Buker chronicles the role of the East Gulf Blockading Squadron in creating civil strife and warfare along the west coast of Florida during the American Civil War.--This text refers to the Hardcover edition.

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Jubal Early's Raid on Washington (Fire Ant Books) Review

Jubal Early's Raid on Washington
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By the summer of 1864, the Army of Northern Virginia is pinned and slowly being bled to death.Robert E. Lee understood that his army and the Confederacy could not survive constant fighting indefinitely. U.S. Grant understood this too and was determined to maintain constant fighting and wear out Lee's army "if it takes all summer".Lee's only chance at getting a reprieve lay in forcing the Army of the Potomac to break contact and go north.Weeks of constant battles had not broken Grant's resolve.Lacking the resources for a prolonged war of attrition and unable to beat Grant on the battlefield, something else was needed.Trying to repeat the successes of 1862, Lee determined to threaten Washington DC.In 1862, Lincoln had reacted to a perceived threat by weakening McClellan's army in front of Richmond.This allowed Lee room to maneuver, attack and resulted in the withdrawal of the Union army.While a desperate and risking idea, the option was defeat in time.Jubal Early commanding Jackson's old Corps and miscellaneous units made up the invasion force.The idea is by threatening the capital; Lincoln will panic and recall Grant.In the event Washington fell, the South expected to win the war.
This is a very complete history of Early's 1864 raid into Maryland and the North's response.This is the author's third book on Washington during the Civil War.His studies and writing gives him an in-depth of the area and its' defenses.He puts this to good use in detailing both the battles and the movements during this campaign.One of the strongest points is we are not limited to the battles at Monocracy and Fort Stevens.The attempt on the POW camp, the action around Baltimore and who told Lincoln to "get down, you fool" receive full coverage.This is more than a battle book.The politics that go into many decisions are well covered as are the complex military consideration, North & South, which made this raid possible.This area is interesting and entertaining reading, showing how hope and local priorities almost triumphed over reality.This is a story of an invasion too.The response of Marylanders, deeply divided by the war is not an orphaned story.The author fully integrates local loyalties and financial considerations into the overall story.The last chapter is "Battle Remembrance", covering how the veterans remembered and what we are doing to preserve the area they fought in.
The author received both the won the Douglas Southall Freeman Award and the Fletcher Pratt Award for his work.He is an excellent historian and a good storyteller.

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